It is considered to be one of the four holy mountains of central Tibet and along with two other hills in Lhasa represent the "Three Protectors of Tibet. Tibet University is a comprehensive university with the highest academic level in the Tibet Autonomous Region. The air only contains 68 percent of the oxygen compared to sea level. The urban area is populated by ethnic Tibetans, Han, Hui and other ethnic groups. Miles, Paul. [8] After conquering the kingdom of Zhangzhung in the west, he moved the capital from the Chingwa Taktsé Castle in Chongye County (pinyin: Qióngjié Xiàn), southwest of Yarlung, to Rasa (Lhasa) where in 637 he raised the first structures on the site of what is now the Potala Palace on Mount Marpori. [89], As per a Chinese Tibetan spokesperson, extension of this rail line to Kathmandu with tunnelling under Mount Everest was expected to be completed by 2020.[90]. [83], Lhasa has been served by rail since 2006, when the Qinghai–Tibet Railway opened for passenger operations. [24] The Jokhang Temple was also greatly expanded around this time. By the end of the 17th century, Lhasa's Barkhor area formed a bustling market for foreign goods. Take an orientation walk around and start acclimatizing to the altitude. 4WD, ATV & Off-Road Tours, Cultural Tours, Sightseeing Tours, Hiking & Camping Tours. Emily T. Yeh,'Living Together in Lhasa: Ethnic Relations, Coercive Amity, and Subaltern Cosmopolitanism,' pp.59-60. "Lhasa, Legend and History." [30] Food rations and poorly stocked government stores replaced the old markets, until the 1990s when commerce in international wares once more returned to Lhasa,[31] and arcades and malls with a cornucopia of goods sprang up. A 2011 book estimated that up to two-thirds of the city's residents are non-Tibetan, although the government states that Chengguan District as a whole is still 63% ethnic Tibetan. For many years, chemical and car making plants operated in the area and this resulted in significant pollution, a factor which has changed in recent years. Lozang Gyatso, the Great Fifth Dalai Lama, started the construction of the Potala Palace in 1645[22] after one of his spiritual advisers, Konchog Chophel (d. 1646), pointed out that the site was ideal as a seat of government, situated as it is between Drepung and Sera monasteries and the old city of Lhasa. There are some night spots that feature cabaret acts in which performers sing in Chinese, Tibetan, and English. Le sort du Roi Gesar de Gling, héros épique tibétain, en Chinese (post-) maoïste,' in Judith Labarthe. Situated in the northwest of the city, it is east of the Potala and north of the Jokhang,[79] covering a total area of 4,000 square meters (almost one acre). Some buildings in the Barkhor were damaged in the 2008 unrest.[78]. Surrounded by Shigatse, Nyingchi, Nagqu and Shannan, Lhasa is also a transfer center for Tibet tours. [36], Lhasa has an elevation of about 3,600 m (11,800 ft)[37] and lies in the centre of the Tibetan Plateau with the surrounding mountains rising to 5,500 m (18,000 ft). It was built from 1755. Get Lhasa's weather and area codes, time zone and DST. The 37-metre-high concrete monument is shaped as an abstract Mount Everest and its name is engraved with the calligraphy of former CCP general secretary and PRC president Jiang Zemin, while an inscription describes the socioeconomic development experienced in Tibet in the past fifty years.[82]. Anne-Marie Blondeau and Yonten Gyatso, 'Lhasa, Legend and History,' pp.21–22. Lhasa contains several hotels. Explore Lhasa's sunrise and sunset, moonrise and moonset. Lhasa Lhasa is the capital of the Tibet autonomous region in China.It is 3,750 meters above sea level on the northern slopes of the Himalayas.Lhasa has about … [68] The pillar contains dedications to a famous Tibetan general and gives an account of his services to the king including campaigns against China which culminated in the brief capture of the Chinese capital Chang'an (modern Xian) in 763 CE[69] during which the Tibetans temporarily installed as Emperor a relative of Princess Jincheng Gongzhu (Kim-sheng Kong co), the Chinese wife of Trisong Detsen's father, Me Agtsom.[70][71]. They came to Lhasa in the 1840s–1860s after a Chinese official was appointed to the position of Amban. The Lhasa Brewery Company was established in 1988 on the northern outskirts of Lhasa, south of Sera Monastery and is the highest commercial brewery in the world at 11,975 feet (3,650 m) and accounts for 85 percent of contemporary beer production in Tibet. Tickets can be purchased abroad, but you can also get to Nepal or China and then book from there. The Barkhor is an area of narrow streets and a public square in the old part of the city located around Jokhang Temple and was the most popular devotional circumambulation for pilgrims and locals. Tourism to Tibet dropped sharply following the crackdown on protests in 2008, but as early as 2009, the industry was recovering. [67] and is inscribed with what may be the oldest known example of Tibetan writing. From adventure-seeking backpackers to luxury jet-setters, travelers everywhere have added the fabled “Roof of the World,” and the capital city of Lhasa, on their places-to-see-before-I-die Bucket Lists. Train number Z21 takes 40 hours and 53 minutes from Beijing West, arriving in Lhasa at 13:03 every day. "[29] Such markets and consumerism came to an abrupt end after the arrival of Chinese government troops and administrative cadres in 1950. [77] Most of the old streets and buildings have been demolished in recent times and replaced with wider streets and new buildings. Residents of the Lubu neighbourhood were descended from Chinese vegetable farmers who stayed over after accompanying an Amban from Sichuan in the mid-nineteenth century; some later intermarried with Tibetan women and spoke Tibetan as their first language. Following the major restoration of 1986, the main building in the temple now has three stories. Official statistics of the metropolitan area report that 70 percent are Tibetan, 34.3 are Han, and the remaining 2.7 Hui, though outside observers suspect that non-Tibetans account for some 50–70 percent. The architectural style is based on the Indian vihara design, and was later extended resulting in a blend of Nepalese and Tang dynasty styles. Outside of the urban area much of Chengguan District is mainly mountainous with a near nonexistent rural population. Deep in the spectacular Himalayan Mountains, Lhasa is a jewel of a destination. [21] In 1645, the reconstruction of the Potala Palace began on Red Hill. ), John Bray, 'Trader, Middleman or Spy? [39], Chengguan District is located on the middle reaches of the Lhasa River, a tributary of the Brahmaputra River, with land that rises to the north and south of the river. [63][64][65] Many have been restored since the 1980s. Copper, lead and zinc are mined nearby and there is ongoing experimentation regarding new methods of mineral mining and geothermal heat extraction. In CE 639 and 641, Songtsen Gampo, who by this time had conquered the whole Tibetan region, is said to have contracted two alliance marriages, firstly to a Princess Bhrikuti of Nepal,[10] and then, two years later, to Princess Wencheng of the Imperial Tang court. [80][81] It is located in an L-shaped building west of the Potala Palace on the corner of Norbulingkha Road. Along with the Potala Palace, it is probably the most popular tourist attraction in Lhasa. Located in the old district of Lhasa, Barkhor Street is an ancient circular street that … The Potala Palace, Jokhang Temple and the Norbulingka are UNESCO world heritage sites. The Sichuan–Tibet Highway (part of G318) runs east towards Chengdu and eventually to Shanghai. Latitude and longitude coordinates are: 29.652491, 91.172112. 03:37 Editor's note: Tibet, known as the "Roof of the World," is regarded by many as hallowed territory. It takes around half an hour to get there by car via the Lhasa Airport Expressway; prior to the completion of the expressway in 2011, the trip to the airport took over an hour. See Lara Maconi, 'Gesar de Pékin? The resources of water conservancy, geothermal heating, solar energy and various mines are abundant. The road passed through willow-shaded parks where the Tibetans used to picnic in summer and watch open air operas on festival days. [72] It was the site of the most famous medical school Tibet, known as the Mentsikhang, which was founded in 1413. Of this, 257,400 are in the urban area (including a migrant population of 100,700), while 264,100 are outside. Welcome to Explore Tibet. However, the importance of Lhasa as a religious site became increasingly significant as the centuries progressed. [11][12] Lhasa suffered extensive damage under the reign of Langdarma in the 9th century, when the sacred sites were destroyed and desecrated and the empire fragmented. This road is part of National Highway 318 and starts from the Lhasa railway station, passes through Caina Township in Qushui County, terminating between the north entrance of the Gala Mountain Tunnel and the south bridgehead of the Lhasa River Bridge, and en route goes over the first overpass of Lhasa at Liuwu Overpass.[91]. About 600 monks are now in residence, down from an original population of around 5000. Types of Things to Do in Lhasa Tours (109) Outdoor Activities (78) Sights & Landmarks (40) Museums (13) Nature & Parks (10) Shopping (8) Transportation (8) Food & Drink (7) Classes & Workshops (4) Nightlife (3) Fun & Games (3) Boat Tours & Water Sports (2) Spas & Wellness (1) Things to Do in Lhasa by Neighborhood Downtown (1) Beijing / Lhasa. It is a member of the prestigious Project 211, and is sponsored under the Double First Class Disciplines initiative. With Güshi Khan as a largely uninvolved overlord, the 5th Dalai Lama and his intimates established a civil administration which is referred to by historians as the Lhasa state. Traditionally Tibetan women were the weavers, and men the spinners, but both work on the rugs today. Karmay, Samten C. (2005). In 641 he constructed the Jokhang (or Rasa Trülnang Tsulagkhang) and Ramoche Temples in Lhasa in order to house two Buddha statues, the Akshobhya Vajra (depicting the Buddha at the age of eight) and the Jowo Sakyamuni (depicting Buddha at the age of twelve), respectively brought to his court by the princesses. Carlsberg invested in the Lhasa Brewery in recent years and has drastically improved the brewing facility and working conditions, renovating and expanding the building to what now covers 62,240 square metres (15.3 acres).[60][61]. Norbulingka was declared a 'National Important Cultural Relic Unit", in 1988 by the State council. It connects Lhasa with Xining, the capital of Qinghai Province, some 2,000 km (1,200 mi) away, and ultimately links Lhasa with other major cities with China's extensive railway network. It is located south of the city proper. [45] The Britannica noted with interest that the Chinese had a crowded burial-ground at Lhasa, tended carefully after their manner and that the Nepalese supplied mechanics and metal-workers at that time.[45]. This page was last edited on 12 December 2020, at 06:45. New Lhasa has obliterated most of Lingkhor, but one stretch still remains west of Chokpori. Bhrikuti is said to have converted him to Buddhism, which was also the faith attributed to his second wife Wencheng. The station will also be the future terminus of the Sichuan–Tibet railway from Chengdu, with the first section to Nyingchi in eastern Tibet scheduled to open in 2021. Lhasa is also the traditional hub of the Tibetan trading network. It is situated atop Mar-po-ri (Red Mountain), 425 feet (130 metres) above the Lhasa River valley, and rises up dramatically from its rocky base. [80], The Monument to the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet was unveiled in the Potala Square in May 2002 to celebrate the 51st anniversary of the Seventeen Point Agreement for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet, and the work in the development of the autonomous region since then. It is a modern factory, the largest manufacturer of rugs throughout Tibet, employing some 300 workers. Environmental problems such as soil erosion, acidification, and loss of vegetation are being addressed. Drepung Monastery is the largest monastery in Tibet and lies in the west of Lhasa. The circumambulation route is known as the "kora" in Tibetan and is marked by four large stone incense burners placed at the corners of the temple complex. "Tourism drive 'is destroying Tibet' Unesco fears for Lhasa's World Heritage sites as the Chinese try to pull in 10 million visitors a year by 2020". The three monasteries are Ganden, Sera and Drepung which were built as part of the puritanical Buddhist revival in Tibet. [43] The annual mean temperature is 7.98 °C (46.4 °F), with extreme temperatures ranging from −16.5 to 30.4 °C (2 to 87 °F). Lhasa Tourist Attractions. About 8000 students are enrolled at the university. Its campus is in Chengguan District, Lhasa, east of the city-centre. [18] Islam has been present since the 11th century in what is considered to have always been a monolithically Buddhist culture. From outside China, it is only possible from Kathmandu, Nepal. Lǐ suggested that this tradition may derive from an interpolation. In November 11 of 1750, the murder of the regent by the Ambans triggered a riot in the city that left more than a hundred people killed, including the Ambans. Among the Han immigrants, Lhasa is known as 'Little Sichuan'. From the fall of the monarchy in the 9th century to the accession of the 5th Dalai Lama, the centre of political power in the Tibetan region was not situated in Lhasa. It is an old city and an important religious center, with wonderful shrines and temples (Gesar Lhakhang temple, the Jokhang Temple, etc), beautiful gardens and old monasteries. As of 2014[update], there are daily flights serving major Chinese cities including Beijing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, and Shanghai, and there are also occasional scheduled services to Kathmandu in Nepal. By the 20th century, Lhasa, long a beacon for both Tibetan and foreign Buddhists, had numerous ethnically and religiously distinct communities, among them Kashmiri Muslims, Ladakhi merchants, Sikh converts to Islam, and Chinese traders and officials. [84] Five trains arrive at and depart from Lhasa railway station each day. It is the first large, modern museum in the Tibet Autonomous Region and has a permanent collection of around 1000 artefacts, from examples of Tibetan art to architectural design throughout history such as Tibetan doors and construction beams. The Nathu La pass offers Chinese companies access to the port of Kolkata (Calcutta), situated about 1,100 km (680 mi) from Lhasa, for trans-shipments to and from Tibet. The Potala Palace, named after Mount Potala, the abode of Chenresig or Avalokitesvara,[66] was the chief residence of the Dalai Lama. . Chengguan District of Lhasa was established on 23 April 1961. It is in some regards pan-sectarian, but is presently controlled by the Gelug school. 133,603 had urban registrations and 86,395 had rural registrations, based on their place of origin. There are over 450 rooms (suites) in the hotel, and all are equipped with air conditioning, mini-bar and other basic facilities. Train Z22 from Lhasa to Beijing West departs at 15:30 and arrives in Beijing at 08:20 on the third day, taking 40 hours, 50 minutes. The marshlands, mostly uninhabited, are to the north. For the city proper, see, District in Tibet, People's Republic of China, Left:Chengguan District, Lhasa. Lhasa is a large city in the Autonomous Republic of Tibet, western China. The Jokhang temple is a four-story construction, with roofs covered with gilded bronze tiles. [58] The brewery, consisting of five-story buildings, cost an estimated US$20–25 million, and by 1994, production had reached 30,000 bottles per day, employing some 200 workers by this time. A forerunner was created in 1952 and the university was officially established in 1985, funded by the Chinese government. Tibet was exporting musk, gold, medicinal plants, furs and yak tails to far-flung markets, in exchange for sugar, tea, saffron, Persian turquoise, European amber and Mediterranean coral. The 5th Dalai Lama, Lobsang Gyatso (1617–1682), unified Tibet and moved the centre of his administration to Lhasa in 1642 with the help of Güshi Khan of the Khoshut. Road to Tibet Lhasa Woeser Phel Jinzhu West Road No. It accommodates about 1000 guests and visitors to Lhasa. [92] It is used mostly for football matches. [51] [33], The Guāndì miào (關帝廟) or Gesar Lhakhang temple was erected by the Amban in 1792 atop Mount Bamare 3 kilometres (2 miles) south of the Potala to celebrate the defeat of an invading Gurkha army. [citation needed], Chengguan District has an elevation of 3,650 metres (11,980 ft) and covers 525 square kilometres (203 sq mi). Annual precipitation is about 500 millimetres (20 in), mostly falling between July and September. In former times it was crowded with men and women covering its length in prostrations, beggars and pilgrims approaching the city for the first time. Coordinates (Tibet Autonomous Region government): Source: China Meteorological Administration. Based on weather reports collected during 2005–2015. Lhasa is the second most populous urban area on the Tibetan Plateau after Xining and, at an altitude of 3,656 metres (11,990 ft), Lhasa is one of the highest cities in the world. Chengguan literally translates to "urban gateway" (Chinese: 城关; pinyin: Chéngguān) in the Chinese language. About 5km north of Lhasa, Sera was founded in 1419 by a disciple of Tsongkhapa as one of Lhasa's two great Gelugpa monasteries. Competitive industry together with feature economy play key roles in the development of Lhasa. Right:Lhasa Valley, ** Southern portions of these counties are claimed by the, Anne-Marie Blondeau and Yonten Gyatso, 'Lhasa, Legend and History,' in Françoise Pommaret-Imaeda (ed.). [45] The permanent population also included Chinese families (about 2,000). Another hotel of note is the historical Banak Shöl Hotel, located at 8 Beijing Road in the city. Lhasa, Tibet, China. It is 28 kilometres (17 mi) from east to west and 31 kilometres (19 mi) from north to south. Emily T. Yeh,'Living Together in Lhasa: Ethnic Relations, Coercive Amity, and Subaltern Cosmopolitanism,' p.58. Climate data and weather averages in Lhasa. The driest month is January at 0.8 millimetres (0.03 in) and the wettest month is August, at 120.6 millimetres (4.75 in). This road is rarely used due to the lack of amenities and petrol stations. Emily T. Yeh,'Living Together in Lhasa: Ethnic Relations, Coercive Amity, and Subaltern Cosmopolitanism,' p.70. Chokpori, meaning 'Iron Mountain', is a sacred hill, located south of the Potala. [citation needed], The term "Chengguan District" is the administrative term for the inner urban area or the urban centre within a prefecture, in this case the Prefectural-city of Lhasa. Lhasa, Chinese (Pinyin) Lasa, (Wade-Giles romanization) La-sa, capital of the Tibet Autonomous Region, southwestern China. It currently has 12 fully urban subdistricts.[41]. Copied. All Qing troops left Lhasa after the Xinhai Lhasa turmoil in 1912. In 1983 the lower part of it was said to have been found in a Lhasa rubbish tip, and the upper half in Beijing. Tibet University (Tibetan: བོད་ལྗོངས་སློབ་གྲྭ་ཆེན་མོ་) is the main university of the Tibet Autonomous Region. [17] It was known as the centre of Tibet where Padmasambhava magically pinned down the earth demoness and built the foundation of the Jokhang Temple over her heart. A third railway, the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, which links Lhasa with Nyingchi County and into the interior ultimately terminating in Chengdu, began construction in June 2015. This temple has remained a key center of Buddhist pilgrimage for centuries. The name Potala is derived from Mount Potalaka, the mythical abode of the Dalai Lama's divine prototype, the Bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara. Annual Weather Averages in Lhasa. The Jesuit missionary, Ippolito Desideri reported in 1716 that the city had a cosmopolitan community of Mongol, Chinese, Muscovite, Armenian, Kashmiri, Nepalese and Northern Indian traders. 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